温瑞塘河流域景观格局对水质影响的空间尺度效应
- The spatial scale effects of landscape pattern on water quality in the Wen-Rui Tang River watershed
- 基金项目：温州市科技计划项目(No.S2020001)；苏州科技大学人才启动项目(No.332114806)；国家自然科学基金项目（No.41807495）
- 摘要：探明流域景观格局对河流水质的影响，对于优化区域景观格局和实施有效的流域水质管理措施具有重要意义．在不同的空间尺度下，景观格局对水质的影响可能存在差异．本研究以浙江省温瑞塘河流域为研究对象，采用Pearson相关性分析、多元线性回归模型（SMLR）、地理加权回归模型（GWR）和冗余分析方法，探讨了景观格局与水质响应关系的空间尺度效应．研究结果显示，该流域水质主要受到缓冲区内绿地面积占比、水体面积占比、最大斑块比例（LPI）和景观形状指数（LSI）的影响．相较于其他空间尺度的缓冲区，150米河岸带缓冲区建模效果最佳，特别是在预测总磷浓度方面，其旱季SMLR模型R2为0.697，GWR模型R2为0.712；雨季SMLR模型R2为0.625，GWR模型R2为0.664．从景观格局指数对水质指标整体的解释度来看，150米河岸带缓冲区的解释度仍最高，旱季为84.27%，雨季为78.39%，主要解释指标均包含LPI；其次是300米河岸带缓冲区．由此可见，150米河岸带缓冲区是温瑞塘河流域水质保护的重点区域，需重视区域内水体和绿地的占比，以及景观的完整性．该研究结论将为多尺度景观格局规划提供了重要的参考信息．
- Abstract：Understanding the impact of watershed landscape patterns on river water quality is crucial for optimizing regional landscape patterns and implementing effective watershed water quality management measures. The influence of landscape patterns on water quality may vary across different spatial scales. Taking the Wen-Rui Tang River watershed in Zhejiang Province as a study area, this study employed Pearson correlation analysis, stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR), geographically weighted regression (GWR), and redundancy analysis to investigate the spatial scale effects of the relationship between landscape patterns and water quality responses. The results indicate that the water quality in the watershed is primarily influenced by the proportion of green area, the proportion of water area, the largest patch index (LPI), and the landscape shape index (LSI) within the buffer zones. Compared to other spatial scales, the 150-meter riparian buffer zone demonstrated the best modeling performance, especially in predicting total phosphorus concentration. The SMLR model yielded an R2 of 0.697 for the dry season and 0.625 for the wet season, while the GWR model achieved an R2 of 0.712 for the dry season and 0.664 for the wet season. In terms of the overall explanatory power of landscape pattern indices on water quality indicators, the 150-meter riparian buffer zone remained the highest, with 84.27% for the dry season and 78.39% for the wet season, with key explanatory indicators including LPI. The 300-meter riparian buffer zone followed. Therefore, the 150-meter riparian buffer zone is a critical area for water quality protection in the Wen-Rui Tang River watershed, requiring attention to the proportions of water and green areas, as well as the integrity of the landscape. These findings provide important reference information for multi-scale landscape pattern planning.
