新冠疫情影响下中国典型旅游城市大气污染物排放量变化分析
- Analysis of variation in emissions of air pollutants from typical tourist cities in China under the influence of COVID-19.
- 周增春
- 西双版纳州生态环境科学研究所;西双版纳州生态环境科学研究所
- 庞晓晨
- 西双版纳州生态环境科学研究所;西双版纳州生态环境科学研究所
- 摘要：为研究新冠疫情前(2019年)、疫情初期(2020年)、疫情中期(2021年)和疫情末期(2022年)的大气污染物排放量变化成因,开展2019~2022年中国典型旅游城市西双版纳州的高精度动态排放清单构建以及新冠疫情期间人为活动和大气污染物排放量的变化特征研究.研究表明,2019~2022年西双版纳州SO2、NOx、CO、PM2.5、PM10、VOCs和NH3年均排放量达2380.98、11680.42、31132.13、5051.32、9259.40、9790.21和2982.94t,从西双版纳州各项大气污染物的空间分布来看,主要与人口分布和交通路网的相关性较高,在人口密度较高和交通繁忙的地区呈现高值污染物排放带,向外逐渐扩散,在旅游季最为凸显.新冠疫情主要对该旅游城市的交通运输、旅游出行、建筑工程和餐饮造成巨大冲击,人为活动水平显著下降,进而减少了对应排放源大气污染物的排放.总的来看,疫情初期(2020年)SO2、NOx、CO、PM2.5、PM10、VOCs大气污染物排放量较上年分别下降2.41%、15.21%、5.79%、9.08%、13.93%和4.95%.2020年移动源NOx和CO排放量较上年下降17.90%和20.54%,扬尘源PM2.5和PM10排放量平均下降18.37%,餐饮源CO排放量较上年下降15.33%.
- Abstract：To study the causes of variation in air pollutant emissions before the COVID-19 (2019), the beginning of the COVID-19 (2020), the during of the COVID-19 (2021) and the end of the COVID-19 (2022), the high-precision and dynamic emission inventory was constructed for Xishuangbanna, a typical tourist city in China, from 2019 to 2022. Then, study on the change characteristics of air pollutant emission and related human activities during the COVID-19. Research shows that from 2019 to 2022, the average annual emissions of SO2, NOx, CO, PM2.5, PM10, VOCs and NH3 in Xishuangbanna are 2380.98, 11680.42, 31132.13, 5051.32, 9259.40, 9790.21 and 2982.94 tons, respectively. From the spatial distribution of various air pollutant emissions in Xishuangbanna, the correlation between emissions and population distribution and transportation network is relatively high. In areas with high population density and heavy traffic, there is a belt shaped high-value pollutant emission that gradually spreads outward, which is most prominent during the tourism season. The COVID-19 epidemic mainly has a huge impact on the city's transportation, tourism, construction projects and catering. Therefore, the level of human activities has significantly decreased, thereby reducing related emission activities. Overall, in the beginning of the COVID-19 (2020), the emissions of atmospheric pollutants such as SO2, NOx, CO, PM2.5, PM10, and VOCs decreased by 2.41%, 15.21%, 5.79%, 9.08%, 13.93%, and 4.95% respectively compared to the previous year. Among that mobile source of NOx and CO emissions decreased by 17.90% and 20.54% compared with the previous year, dust source of PM2.5 and PM10 emissions decreased by 18.37% on average, and gastronomy of CO emission decreased by 15.33% compared with the previous year.
