污水来源对城镇污水处理厂富集菌群的影响
- Effects of Wastewater Sources on the Enriched Microorganisms in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant
- 基金项目：河南省重点研发专项(231111320100)
- 摘要：城镇污水处理厂(WWTP)接纳水体包括生活污水与工业尾水,在WWTP富集菌群研究中很少对其区分,本文旨在探究不同污水来源对WWTP富集菌群的影响。不同来源的污水在特定反应单元为微生物提供多样的生长环境与生态位,从而富集独特的菌群。多样性分析结果发现生活污水厂(接纳生活污水)微生物均匀性较高,群落结构相似,与市政污水厂(接纳生活污水与工业尾水)菌群不同。物种组成结果表明不同污水来源富集菌群具有差异性(P<0.05)：在生活污水厂富集微生物有Candidatus_Saccharibacteria、Acidobacteria、Gammaproteobacteria、Saccharibacteria、Gp6、Steroidobacter、Gp4；在市政污水厂富集菌是Verrucomicrobia、Deltaproteobacteria、Cytophagia、Bacteroidia、Thauera、Lewinella、Chryseolinea、Prosthecobacter。其中Saccharibacteria,Gp6和Steroidobacter是生活污水厂生物标识,而Verrucomicrobia与Cytophagia是市政污水厂生物标识。且这些微生物具有较高的度,与较多微生物密切相关(网络图分析)。此外,影响微生物群落结构最大的环境因子为TP、NH4+-N和TN,Chryseolinea与Prosthecobacter等与TP、NH4+-N、和TN去除率密切相关；Pseudomonas、Acinetobacter、Steroidobacter等与NO3--N、NH4+-N去除率和TP去除率紧密相关。功能预测结果表明反硝化、硫化合物氧化、氯酸盐还原等在市政污水厂富集,含甲基物质的代谢与发酵等在生活污水厂富集(P<0.05)。
- Abstract：In municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), the incoming wastewater was different, including domestic wastewater or/and industrial tail water. But they were rarely further distinguished during the microbial study of WWTPs. This paper aims to explore the influence of different wastewater sources on enriched bacteria. Different wastewater sources provided diverse growth environments and ecological niches for microorganisms in specific reaction units, thus enriching unique bacteria. The diversity results showed that the microbial community of domestic WWTPs (domestic sewage) was high evenness and similar, but it was different from that of municipal WWTPs (domestic sewage + industrial tail water). Additionally, based on the results of bacteria composition, the microorganisms, enriched in domestic WWTPs (P<0.05), were Candidatus_Saccharibacteria, Acidobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Saccharibacteria, Gp6, Steroidobacter, Gp4 respectively; however, the enriched bacteria were Verrucomicrobia, Deltaproteobacteria, Cytophagia, Bacteroidia, Thauera, Lewinella, Chryseolinea and Prosthecobacter in municipal WWTPs. Among these bacteria, Saccharibacteria, Gp6 and Steroidobacter were biomarkers in domestic WWTPs, while Verrucomicrobia and Cytophagia were biomarkers in municipal WWTPs. Network analysis revealed that these microorganisms had a high degree and were closely related to more microorganisms. In addition, RDA result indicated that the main environmental factors were TP, NH4+-N and TN. Chryseolinea and Prosthecobacter were closely related with the removal efficiency of TP , NH4+-N and TN; while Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter and Steroidobacter were bound up with NO3--N, removal efficiency of NH4+-N and TP. Furthermore, the functional prediction results displayed that denitrification, sulfur oxidation and chlorate reduction were enriched in municipal WWTPs, and methyl_substances metabolism and fermentation were enriched in domestic WWTPs (P<0.05).
