城市污水净化对受纳河流水生态系统的改善——以丁山河流域为例
- Improvement of water ecosystem of receiving river by urban sewage purification: A case study of Dingshan River Basin
- 基金项目：“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划项目(No.2023C03131, 2023C03132)
- 摘要：本研究中以丁山河流域为研究对象，沿城市河流设计了三种旁路生态处理系统，用作污水处理厂或工业废水的附加净化措施，研究河流水质经旁路生态系统处理后变化情况，并采用高通量测序方法研究不同单元微生物多样性和群落结构。水质监测结果表明，这三种旁路生态处理系统对COD（55.7%~64.0%）、NH4+-N（63.1%~89.4%）和TP（27.6%~76.7%）的去除效果均较好，受纳河流的水质显著改善。微生物多样性和群落结构分析结果表明，Gammaproteobacteria（48.45%-96.61%）和Alphaproteobacteria是生态处理系统中主要的菌纲；Pseudomonadales是丁山河河道上下游的主要菌纲，各生态处理系统的真核微生物群落结构差异较大，丁山河上下游的优势菌纲为Chrysophyceae，受纳河流物种丰富度和多样性显著提高。通过对微生物群落结构研究，能够更加全面地揭示尾水经过生态处理系统处理对受纳河流引起的复合生态效应，对城市河流生态系统保护的保护具有重大意义。
- Abstract：In this study, three kinds of bypass ecological treatment systems were designed along the urban river to be used as an additional purification measure for wastewater treatment plants or industrial wastewater in the watershed of Dingshan River as the research object to study the changes of river water quality after treatment by bypass ecosystems, and to study the microbial diversity and community structure of different units by using high-throughput sequencing methods. The water quality monitoring results showed that all three bypass ecosystem treatment systems had better removal effects on COD (55.7%~64.0%), NH4+-N (63.1%~89.4%) and TP (27.6%~76.7%), and the water quality of the receiving rivers was significantly improved. The results of microbial diversity and community structure analysis showed that Gammaproteobacteria (48.45%-96.61%) and Alphaproteobacteria were the main mycorrhizal phyla in the ecological treatment system; Pseudomonadales were the main mycorrhizal phyla upstream and downstream of the river channel of the Dingshan River, and eukaryotic microorganisms in the ecological treatment system varied greatly. The community structure varied considerably, with Chrysophyceae being the dominant mycorrhizal order upstream and downstream of the Dingshan River, and the species richness and diversity of the receiving river increased significantly. Through the study of microbial community structure, the compound ecological effects caused by the treatment of tailwater through the ecological treatment system on the receiving river can be revealed more comprehensively, which is of great significance for the protection of urban river ecosystems.
