邯郸市典型城市污水厂抗生素及内分泌干扰物去除效能、影响因素及生态风险研究
- Removal Efficiency, Influencing Factors, and Ecological Risks of Antibiotics and EDCs in Typical Urban Sewage Treatment Plants in Handan
- 摘要：为探究城市污水处理系统中抗生素及内分泌干扰物现状特征，选择邯郸市2个污水处理厂三条不同工艺线作为研究对象，利用固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱(SPE-LC-MS/MS)对抗生素和内分泌干扰物进行定量检测，分析其在不同处理阶段的去除率，探究新污染物与环境因子的相关性,明确新污染物的生态风险。结果表明，两个污水处理厂进出水共检出11种抗生素和8种内分泌干扰物，抗生素进水总浓度在9.8±1.7 μg·L-1，出水总浓度为3.3±0.4 μg·L-1,平均去除率为66%。内分泌干扰物在进水中的总浓度在1704.3±460.8 μg·L-1，出水总浓度则降至314.6±236.3 μg·L-1，平均去除率超过74.55%。抗生素的平均处理效率：三级处理＞二级处理＞一级处理，其中紫外消毒工艺对其去除率可达40%；内分泌干扰物的平均处理效率：二级处理＞三级处理＞一级处理，三沟式氧化沟工艺去除效率最高。相关性分析表明，新污染物浓度与氨氮、化学需氧量、总氮的变化趋势一致，呈显著正相关，与pH、溶解氧呈负相关。生态风险评价表明，头孢唑啉、甲氧苄氨嘧啶、诺氟沙星和酚类内分泌干扰物可能对受纳水体产生中高风险威胁。研究旨在为城市污水厂提升新污染物去除率的运行管理提供数据支持。
- Abstract：Abstract: This research probes the prevalence and properties of antibiotics and endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) within the framework of urban wastewater treatment regimes. A pair of distinct wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), each composed of three unique treatment process trajectories located in Handan City, were selected as the locus for this intensive examination. Solid-phase extraction in conjunction with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-LC-MS/MS) was employed to quantitatively identify these classes of compounds. The efficiency measures of removal for these contaminants at varying treatment stages were evaluated, their correlation with environmental parameters were investigated, and the ecological implications with respect to these pollutants assessed. Data obtained showed the presence of 11 different antibiotics and 8 EDCs in both the influent and effluent of the WWTPs. The total concentration of antibiotics in the influent measured at 9.8 ± 1.7 μg·L?1, which was reduced to 3.3 ± 0.4 μg·L?1 in the effluent, boasting an average removal rate of 66%. The total amount of EDCs in the influent stood at 1704.3 ± 460.8 μg·L?1, which declined to 314.6 ± 236.3 μg·L?1 in the effluent, documenting an average removal rate of 74.55%. Efficiency in antibiotic removal was sequenced in the order of tertiary treatment > secondary treatment > primary treatment, with ultraviolet disinfection delivering a removal rate of up to 40%. For EDCs, peak efficiency was realized during the secondary treatment phase and trailed by tertiary and primary treatments, with the three-channel oxidation ditch regime demonstrating the most successful extraction. Correlation analysis yielded a markedly positive correlation between the concentrations of the emerging pollutants and fluctuations in ammonia nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total nitrogen, however, a negative correlation was discovered concerning pH and dissolved oxygen. An ecological risk evaluation postulated that Cefazolin, Trimethoprim, Fleroxacin, and phenolic EDCs could present intermediate to high ecological threats to the receiving waters. The objective of this research is to supplement data support to operational management at urban wastewater treatment plants to augment the removal rate of emergent pollutants.
