• 关键词：臭氧  变化特征  周末效应  长时间序列  上海

• 基金项目：上海市环境保护局重大科研项目（沪环科（2016-12），沪环科（2017-02））

• 张小娟
• 1. 东华大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 201620;2. 上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233

• 李莉
• 上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233

• 王红丽
• 上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233

• 陶士康
• 上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233

• 朱书慧
• 上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233

• 陈勇航
• 东华大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 201620

• 王军
• 东华大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 201620

• 游振宇
• 南京大学大气科学学院, 南京 210023

• Jeremy C. Avise
• Laboratory for Atmospheric Research, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA

• 摘要：基于2010—2016年上海城区近地面大气臭氧（O₃）的连续在线观测数据，研究了上海城区O₃长时间序列变化规律和污染特征.结果表明，近7年来上海城区O₃污染逐渐凸显，但总体以轻度污染为主，7—8月高温炎热季节以中度污染居多.城区O₃-8 h（臭氧日最大8 h滑动平均）年均增速为3.81 μg·m^-3·a^-1，99%和95%分位值增速较快，分别为6.65和4.94 μg·m^-3·a^-1；25%、50%和75%分位值的增速在3.06~4.45 μg·m^-3·a^-1之间.春季O₃浓度均值较高，年际变化小；夏季极值较高，且污染超标情况最为突出；秋季O₃浓度次于春、夏季，冬季最低；夏、秋和冬季O₃浓度总体呈上升态势.O₃日变化呈"单峰型"，最大值出现在13：00左右，且峰值逐年增加，污染持续时间变长，最小值出现在早晨7：00.城区O₃"周末效应"逐渐减弱.基于KZ过滤器方法的数据分析结果表明，上海城区O₃-8 h长期变化主要受O₃-BF（O₃-8 h的基准组分）影响；O₃-SF（O₃-8 h的天气影响组分）在5—9月对O₃-8 h影响较大，其范围为-98.85~139.60 μg·m^-3.

• Abstract：Continuous measurements were conducted to investigate the long-term trends and characteristics of ozone from 2010 to 2016 in Shanghai urban. The results show that in the past 7 years, the pollution of ozone in the urban area of Shanghai has become more and more serious, and the main factor is mild pollution, with moderate or moderate pollution occurring in July and August. The growth rate of average annual is 3.81 μg·m^-3·a^-1, the increasing rates of the O₃ concentrations for high percentiles values (99% and 95%) are 6.65 μg·m^-3·a^-1 and 4.94 μg·m^-3·a^-1 respectively, the growth rates of 25%, 50% and 75% were between 3.06 and 4.45 μg·m^-3·a^-1. The average value of ozone concentration in spring was the higher and inter-annual changes in small; while the extreme value in summer was higher, and the pollution was the most serious in summer; ozone of autumn was lower than spring and summer, the lowest in winter; ozone showed an increasing trend in summer, autumn and winter in general. Diurnal variation of ozone was "unimodal", the maximum at 13: 00 and increased gradually, meanwhile the pollution time became longer, the minimum at 7:00. Weekend effect of ozone is gradually weakened in Shanghai. The data analysis based on the KZ filter method shows that the long-term changes of O₃-8 h (maximum 8-hour moving average of ozone days) in Shanghai urban area are mainly affected by O₃-BF (O₃-8 h Baseline Forcing); O₃-SF (O₃-8 h Synoptic Forcing) is greater impact on O₃-8 h from May to September, the range is -98.85~139.60 μg·m^-3.

• Key words：ozone  changing characteristics  weekend effect  long-term trend  Shanghai

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