本期目录
雷建容,云龙,苏翠平,曹礼明,曾立武,黄晓锋.深圳城市大气PM2.5中金属元素的在线测量与来源特征[J].环境科学学报,2019,39(1):80-85
深圳城市大气PM2.5中金属元素的在线测量与来源特征
- On-line measurement and source characteristics of metals in PM2.5 urban Shenzhen
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.91744202）；深圳市科技计划（No.JCYJ20170412150626172）
- 作者
- 单位
- 雷建容
- 北京大学深圳研究生院, 环境与能源学院, 城市人居环境科学与技术重点实验室, 深圳 518055
- 云龙
- 深圳市环境监测中心站, 深圳 518049
- 苏翠平
- 北京大学深圳研究生院, 环境与能源学院, 城市人居环境科学与技术重点实验室, 深圳 518055
- 曹礼明
- 北京大学深圳研究生院, 环境与能源学院, 城市人居环境科学与技术重点实验室, 深圳 518055
- 曾立武
- 北京大学深圳研究生院, 环境与能源学院, 城市人居环境科学与技术重点实验室, 深圳 518055
- 黄晓锋
- 北京大学深圳研究生院, 环境与能源学院, 城市人居环境科学与技术重点实验室, 深圳 518055
- 摘要：大气PM2.5中很多金属元素危害人体健康，且具有源示踪性，因此，开展PM2.5中金属在线监测对污染来源分析和大气污染防治有着重要意义.本研究于2017年4—5月使用美国Cooper环境空气多金属在线监测仪对深圳城市大气PM2.5中金属元素进行连续观测.与同步离线采样测量的金属数据进行比对表明，10种元素（K、Zn、Cu、Mn、Fe、V、Ni、Ti、Pb、Cr）呈现良好的相关性，因而用于后续分析.观测期间大气PM2.5的平均浓度24.8 μg·m-3，其中10种金属元素总浓度为0.72 μg·m-3，占比2.9%.Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn和Ti的浓度日变化显示了日间高、夜间低的特征，表明受到本地人为源的显著影响；而K、Pb、Cr浓度日变化无明显波动，说明受区域传输影响较大；Ni与V日变化趋势一致，主要来源为船舶排放.主成分因子分析结果表明，观测期间PM2.5中金属污染来源主要为交通和扬尘源、工业排放/废物燃烧和船舶污染，方差贡献依次为54.3%、19.8%和8.8%.
- Abstract：Some metals in PM2.5 are harmful to human health and can be tracers to some particular pollution sources. Therefore, it is very important to carry out on-line monitoring of metals in atmospheric PM2.5 for analysis of pollution sources and prevention of atmospheric pollution. In this study, the Cooper automated multi-metals monitor was used to continuously observe the metals in the atmospheric PM2.5 in Shenzhen from April to May in 2017. The comparisons with simultaneous off-line sampling and measurement of metal data indicated that 10 elements (K, Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, V, Ni, Ti, Pb, Cr) exhibited good correlation and were therefore used for subsequent analysis. During the observation period, the average concentration of PM2.5 was 24.8 μg·m-3, and the total concentration of 10 metal elements was 0.72 μg·m-3, accounting for 2.9% of the total. The diurnal variation of Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Ti showed the characteristics of higher in the daytime and lower in the evening, indicating that they were significantly influenced by the anthropogenic activities, while the diurnal variation of K, Pb, and Cr concentrations did not show significant fluctuations, indicating mainly affected by regional transport. The diurnal variation of Ni was consistent with V, implying their main source was ship emissions. The results of principal component analysis showed that the sources of metal pollution in PM2.5 during the observation period were mainly traffic/dust, industrial emissions/waste burning, and ship emissions, contributing 54.3%, 19.8%, and 8.8%, respectively.
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