2. 日本金泽大学医药保健学院保健学系, 金泽 9208640
2. Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 9208640
在过去几十年内, 人们在内分泌干扰物(EDCs)对健康的影响的研究方面越来越感兴趣. (EDCs)是一类存在于环境中能够干扰生物体正常内分泌功能的外源性物质(陈玫宏等, 2017).已有毒性研究表明EDCs能够干扰生物体生殖系统、胚胎发育、机体代谢等生理功能(Tabassum et al., 2017).二
越南战争期间, 美军大量使用含有二
本研究所选择的二
二
在前期研究中我们采取了婴幼儿的唾液并分析其中类固醇激素的水平, 但由于唾液中类固醇激素含量极低很难测定, 因此在儿童1岁和3岁时只测定了脱氢表雄酮和可的松的水平, 并发现围产期二
本研究通过了日本金泽大学伦理委员会审查(编号:2011-455), 所有受试者均签署知情同意书.
2.3 样品处理与分析 2.3.1 母乳中二在多层硅胶柱和活性炭分散硅胶柱上进行碱消化和色谱纯化操作, 分离和收集PCDD/DFs.使用配备有以选定离子监测模式操作的高分辨率质谱仪(气相色谱高分辨率质谱仪;MS-JMS700, JEOL, 东京, 日本)的气相色谱仪(HP-6980;惠普, Palo Alto, 加利福尼亚, 美国)进行定量.具体分析方法详见参考文献(Kido et al., 2016).PCDD/DFs-TEQ的计算参考世界卫生组织2005年毒性当量因子(Van den Berg et al., 2006).严格按照美国国家环保局EPA1613方法对样品分析过程进行质量控制, 确保数据的准确.采用13C同位素内标稀释定量法对母乳中二
① 主要仪器和试剂 API4000 三重四极杆质谱仪(加拿大MDS Sciex公司);Agilent1100高效液相色谱系统及PTC自动进样器(德国Waldbronn公司);高速离心机(日本Shimadazu公司)等.
皮质醇、可的松、睾酮、双氢睾酮、脱氢表雄酮、雄烯二酮、孕酮标准品(德国Merck公司);甲醇(色谱纯, 美国Heneywell公司);乙酸乙酯、羟胺(色谱纯, 日本Wako公司)等.
② 仪器分析 按文献方法进行混合标准溶液的配置及样品前处理, 随后进行LC-MS/MS检测(沈斌等, 2018).
色谱条件:色谱柱为Phenomenex C18反相色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 2.6 μm), Phenomenex C18为预保护柱.流动相A为H2O(含0.1%甲酸), 流动相B为甲醇(含0.1%甲酸).柱温35 ℃, 进样体积为20 μL.
质谱条件:电离方式, ESI源;采用多反应监测(MRM)的质谱扫描模式.喷雾电压(IS)为5500 V; 碰撞气(CAD)为Medium;气帘气(CUR)为40 kPa; 离子源雾化气(GS1)和加热辅助气(GS2)均为60 kPa; 去溶剂温度为550 ℃.
2.4 统计学方法采用SPSS 12.0软件和JMP @ 9软件包(SAS institute, Cary, NC, USA)进行数据统计分析.本文中数据由均值±标准差或由中位数及四分位数间距来表示.采用Student t检验(正态分布)或Mann-Whitney U检验(非正态分布)进行组间比较.在调整体质指数(BMI)后, 使用多因素非条件logistic回归模型分析两组人群中二
本研究随机选取了二
表 2是对两个地区母乳中17种二
两地区受试儿童血清中类固醇激素水平如表 3所示.污染地区男孩血清中睾酮、双氢睾酮、脱氢表雄酮的水平显著低于非污染地区(p < 0.05).污染地区女孩血清中17α-羟孕酮、睾酮、双氢睾酮、脱氢表雄酮、孕酮的水平显著低于非污染地区(p < 0.05).两地区受试儿童体内皮质醇、可的松、雄烯二酮水平没有显著性差异(p>0.05).
采用多因素非条件logistic回归模型分析两组人群中二
采用多因素非条件logistic回归模型分析两组人群中二
越南战争期间, 美军大量使用含有二
本研究中二
睾酮是主要的性激素和合成类固醇, 在男性的生活中扮演着重要的角色, 但它实际上存在于两性之间.男性睾酮主要由睾丸和肾上腺皮质分泌(Mooradian et al., 1987).女性睾酮主要来源于外周雄烯二酮的转化, 以及肾上腺皮质和卵巢分泌(Mooradian et al., 1987).本研究发现二
在本研究中, 污染地区男孩双氢睾酮水平(0.7 pg·mL-1)明显低于非污染地区(2.7 pg·mL-1), 双氢睾酮与1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9-HxCDD、1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8-HpCDD、OCDD及Total PCDDs、PCDD/DFs呈负相关(表 3、4).污染地区女孩双氢睾酮水平(0.7 pg·mL-1)明显低于非污染地区(1.9 pg·mL-1), 双氢睾酮与10种二
孕酮又称女性激素, 能够促进女性附器官成熟及第二性征出现, 并维持正常性欲及生殖功能的刺激, 也是雄激素、雌激素、肾上腺皮质激素等生物合成的重要中间物质(Baulieu et al., 2000).17α-羟孕酮是在合成糖皮质激素和性类固醇过程中产生的一种C-21内源性孕激素, 由肾上腺皮质及性腺等产生.血清中的17α-羟孕酮主要与性激素共同作用, 促进个体器官的发育, 妊娠时胎儿、胎盘及肾上腺可产生大量17α-羟孕酮(张芹等, 2014).动物实验发现, 二
在前期的研究中, 我们发现污染地区婴幼儿低出生体重的比例明显高于非污染地区, 二
围产期二
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